Reconstruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Recreation - Essay Example ved their opportunity from their white bosses, African Americans would commend their recently won freedoms and rights in the years following the war †additionally alluded by students of history as the time of Reconstruction. In the book America: A Concise History by James Henretta and David Bordy, we get inside and out investigation and critique on this urgent period in American history. We gain from the content that the Reconstruction venture is to a great extent a disappointment. The consenting of eleven crushed Southern states into the Union would have been an exceptionally testing process because of social and political dissimilarities between the two previous warring gatherings. To be sure, the non-reasonability of this suggestion had what at last prompted the surrender of Reconstruction endeavors; and a significant part of the bipartisanship found in American governmental issues today is evidence of this profound division in the countrys social and political cosmetics. Following the Civil War a climate of rapture won, when scholarly people and everyday citizens the same longed for a drastically new American culture. Be that as it may, as the underlying energy of the Reconstruction time grew dim, individuals went to the acknowledgment that old, set up organizations would not change promptly. From multiple points of view the Civil Rights development that happened a century later was a response to the disappointment of the Reconstruction venture. In this sense, the advancement of American culture was successfully kept down for a hundred

Comparing Different Versions Of Batman Film Studies Essay

Looking at Different Versions Of Batman Film Studies Essay My focus on this exposition is to break down and think about various variants of the Batman film. Ive chose to contrast the 1966 Batman with the 1989 Batman and The Dark Knight, which was discharged in 2008. I wish to take a gander at how these movies have been made, how Batmans notoriety has changed throughout the years and how they contrast with the first comic books. Batman showed up in Detective Comics in 1939; he was the caped crusader who conflicted with the lawbreakers of the black market who murdered his folks. In the early funnies, the drawings demonstrated a dreary tone and sustain utilization of strong squares of dark ink (Sabin, 1996, p.61). In any case, later on the funnies were logically helped so as to draw a more youthful relationship; a pattern which finished during the 1960s where the funnies became camp comedies to mirror the incredibly fruitful TV arrangement (Sabin, 1996, pp. 61-62). Wikipedia (2008) Man Who Laughs [Online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Manwholaughs.jpg (Accessed: third December 2010) BD Comics (1999) Batman-No Mans Land [Online] Available at: http://bdcomics.bdgamers.net/2007/06/13/batman-no-keeps an eye ashore/(Accessed: third December 2010) The 1966 Batman was a film adjustment of the 60s TV arrangement; it had financial plan of $1,377,800. In the film, there are no shots of high rises or any structures that take after the landscape in the comic books. The outfits in this film are fundamental; the scoundrels are totally wearing suits and Batman and Robins ensembles look economically made, contrasted with the latest film; this shows the distinction in spending plan. The make-up is essential; the Joker has a spooky white face and red drawn on grin; no prosthetics are utilized on him. The Penguin has a prosthetic nose to make it outlandishly long and pointy, anyway the remainder of the characters have typical everyday make-up on. The battle scenes in the film are ridiculous, counterfeit punches are tossed between characters, with words, for example, URKK and OUCH entering the shot is large letters: The TV show was certainly dopey, parody and droll filling in for anything remotely rough or intense. It even offered the strange bonk/destroy title cards to enhance the good times. (Gibron, 2008) This makes the battling look funny and entertaining. Anyway it matches the comic book style of battling and was what was worthy to be appeared in the film and TV arrangement at that point. Still from TV 1960s arrangement Batman (1966) Batman Generation : Batman 1960s TV Series [Online] Available at: http://film assortments on-dvd.blogspot.com/(Accessed: tenth November 2010) The sidekick Robin shows up in this film. I think his quality makes Batman look less macho, it suggests that he needs back up, this may have been the explanation he wasnt composed into the arrangement of movies that followed decades later. In contrast with films today; it is credulous, in one scene a very toy looking shark is utilized as a prop and in the Bat cavern each machine or bit of hardware is marked. Heath, R (2008) The Dark Knight 2010 [Online] Available at: http://www.ferdyonfilms.com/?m=200807 (Accessed: third December 2010) Clara, H (2010) Entertainment [Online] Available at: http://www.mylifetime.com/way of life/diversion/lewis-wilson-michael-keaton-and-val-kilmer-batman (Accessed: third December 2010) In 1989 Batman was discharged, it was the first of a progression of highlight films featuring Batman which were delivered by the Warner Bros; it had a spending plan of $35,000,000. This film wandered away from the 1966 camp adaptation, Beyond Hollywood underscores this point by saying: Prior to 1989, except if you were an energetic comic book peruser, you most likely saw Batman as a clownish hero, exchanging punches and jests with miscreants with his young partner Robin reliably next to him. He was awkward, somewhat dull, and never risky. That is, until the mid year of 1989, when Tim Burton showed up to changed all that. (Past Hollywood, 2004) Gotham City is dull and gothic looking; the structures are dirty and old. The states of the structures take after the comic book pictures; they dont resemble any typical American city. Bunches of smoke is utilized in the setting, it helps me to remember sceneries in a theater creation. The joker additionally coordinates very well with the comic book representations; the make-up shrewdly permits the entertainer to have a fixed grin. He puts on an act and values being dramatic, utilizing joke shop type chokes, for example a bloom that spurts noxious gas and a bell which he connects to his hand to shock his casualty. The music, which is frequently played as a support to the joker, is nearly equivalent to you may hear in the carnival, every little thing about it is amusing. Neumaier, J. (2008) Jack Nicholson cautioned Health Ledger on Joker role[Online].Available at: http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2008/01/24/2008-01-24_jack_nicholson_warned_heath_ledger_on_jo.html (Accessed: 31 October 2010) Newsrecord. (2008)Heath Ledger Was Changed by playing The Joker'[Online]. Accessible at: http://www.inoutstar.com/news/Heath-Ledger-Was-Changed-by-Playing-The-Joker-6583.html#nimg_16437 (Accessed: 31 October 2010) The Dark Knight (2008) was coordinated by Christopher Nolan and had a spending plan of $185,000,000. When composing the film, screenwriter David S. Goyer took impacts from a couple of comic books instead of only one. In a meeting he stated: I imagine that there are components from The Dark Knight, components from The Long Halloween, components from The Killing Joke. However, dislike we were explicitly adjusting one explicit comic book or comic book circular segment. (Goyer, 2008) In this film the joker has disciples who are veiled like jokesters. These veils are frightful; they permit the characters to be aloof and cold; just demonstrating the single articulation that is drawn on their cover. Batmans battle scenes are striking and profoundly arranged; this is a major difference to the jokers style of battling, which is ill-advised. This film is commanded by the Joker character; his scarred face is messily concealed with make giving him a jokester like persona. This persona is affirmed by his oily, green tinged hair, bruised eyes, smirched generally outwards and his red unpleasant grin. His drawn on grin is covering thick gravely raised scars. The white make-up which covers his face is lopsided and consistently looks worn. His ensembles are odd, purple velvet suits with a green shirt; this permits him to contrast others, who predominantly wear great suits. Ensemble Designer, Lindy Hemming, needed to make a more youthful trendier look, so as to speak to Ledgers generation(Hemming, 2008). This ensemble likewise coordinates the comic books. His character is daring and chillingly quiet; I think this makes an incredible climate and conveys the film. Sound hugy affects this rendition of the film; sensational music is played out of sight, ticking commotions are likewise every now and again utilized, representing the quick relaxing. Anyway there are a couple of shots in the film which have no support music or commotion so far as that is concerned; this is a major complexity to the remainder of the film and keenly makes a greatest effect. One specific shot is of the Joker hanging himself out of a taken squad car that he is driving, I discover this scene chilling. In the wake of viewing a narrative about the authors musings behind a portion of the music, I discovered that the sounds depend on the Joker character: Shots and clasps were utilized to create music that coordinated the jokers developments and character. Punk impacts were utilized and tones and commotions were delivered utilizing two conflicting notes of the cello, to give the vibe of razorblades. (Zimmer, 2008) The sounds are disrupting and the author needed to make a sound which showed rising strain. Uhlich, K (2008) Trickster Heaven, Two Face Hell: The Dark Knight [Online] Available at: http://www.slantmagazine.com/house/2008/07/swindler paradise deceitful hellfire the-dim knight/(Accessed: third December 2010) Another colossally significant character is Harvey Dent. He is Gothams brilliant kid who, before the finish of the film, because of the Jokers words; I took Gothams white knight and cut him down, has been transformed into a lowlife, Two Face. The impacts for Two Face were made utilizing computerized make-up, as such high utilization of CGI. A great deal of shots in the setting are of structures, the camera dish high above bunches of high rises as a connection between scenes. The scoundrels appear to consistently be lit dimly, where the lighting has a blue tinge. Taking everything into account, as the decades pass, innovation improves and the spending plan for the movies increment, which I believe is because of the expansion in film prominence. Each film remains consistent with the funnies in various manners; the 1966 Batman is most similar to the funnies in the battle scenes where they are very graphical, with sounds entering the screen in content. Anyway the make-up and outfit doesnt coordinate and doesnt give enough of an effect. The 1989 Batman matches to the comic book pictures, make-up and ensemble shrewd. It likewise has an extraordinary set which coordinates the structures of Gotham city and truly gives a vibe that they are living in the funnies. The Dark Knights enhancements are by a long shot the best and as I would see it I think the acting is best in this film. The joker is a critical character in every one of the three variants, especially 1989 Batman and The Dark Knight. It involves closely-held conviction which form is the best, anyway I concur with Slant magazine in inclining toward Health Ledgers chilling adaptation: Eighteen years after Jack Nicholsons over-commended, particularly Jack-ish representation of the obnoxious purple-clad buffoon in Tim Burtons Batman, Ledger restores the character to his unhinged The Killing Joke realistic novel roots, conjuring up a transfixing, permanent picture of our most noticeably terrible fear monger fanatic bad dreams. (Schager, 2008) The Dark Knights acting and gothic feel coordinates well with the first funnies, before they were made progressively camp to coordinate the 1960s crowd. The make-up takes an alternate heading to abstain from replicating Tim Burtons fil

How Important Is The IELTS Essay Sample?

How Important Is The IELTS Essay Sample?The IELTS Essay samples range from easy to complex, but they all share one thing in common. That is the student's interest. That means the learner should be keen and look for IELTS essay samples that match his or her needs.English is a hard language to learn, even for the best teachers. It takes a lot of practice and patience. In fact, many students find it hard to learn this particular language. This is why it is crucial for them to choose a student and teaching partner who will be able to help them with the language.As such, the student should be able to choose a teacher who can work well with English. There are many teachers who do not fully understand the difficulty of teaching English. They often neglect the potential difficulty that is associated with learning this language. It is for this reason that they opt for techniques that teach their students to mimic English grammar.As most students prefer to copy-paste words and sentences from o ther sources, it is only natural that the learner eventually forgets how to use them properly and tend to misuse the words instead. Since English is a complex language, learners have a tendency to forget it rather quickly when copying. Unfortunately, students then end up with an uninteresting vocabulary and this lack of command on how to use English easily becomes a stumbling block for communication. Learners should also remember that the same difficult grammar is often used by native speakers.The problem with using a technique that teaches students to mimic native speech is that their English would still be different from the way it is written. It would be like talking Spanish with an American accent. Hence, the IELTS essay samples should be used effectively to teach the student how to speak the language. The student needs to make sure that the pronunciation is correct and he or she will have to practice listening to the speaker in order to get used to the way he or she speaks.In g eneral, the student must avoid the so-called 'IELTS essay samples' that consists of common sentences and common grammatical mistakes. This is one example of these tricks and it would be much better to avoid it if possible. The more difficult the vocabulary is, the more difficult it would be to communicate to the other person. Hence, students should try to find a way to combine these easy vocabulary with basic sentences that would enable them to communicate to the learner.There are many resources that are used to create these essay samples. In some cases, the teachers will have a list of exercises that he or she will use to test the student. Then there are the free online activities that the students can use for practice and review purposes. These free materials are more effective because they are still useful to the student and they also save money.Students should therefore remember that learning a language like English has its own complexities. It is good to have a sense of humor a bout it, but a professional teacher should never be turned off. He or she should, instead, encourage his or her students to enjoy the challenge of learning the language. As such, the student should choose the most appropriate resources and IELTS essay samples.

The Fifth Amendment Self-Incrimination In The Fifth...

Unfortunately, the Supreme Court denied a new trial as the ruling was final and be considered double jeopardy. The third clause of the Fifth Amendment is Self-Incrimination, stating â€Å"No person...shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself....†. This clause specifies that a person cannot be forced to testify against himself or herself; yet, this does not limited police-interrogation. A testimonial through threatened loss of government employment or guilt from silence can be used as evidence. Witnesses and evidence must be presented during the trial. This is often known as taking the fifth. One of the most historical cases in regards to the Fifth Amendment is Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966). In March†¦show more content†¦The clause denotes â€Å"No person shall...be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law....†. Furthermore, there are four measures of the clause, which are a procedural due process, substantive due process, the prohibition against vague laws, and vehicle for the incorporation of the Bill of Rights. Procedural due process is when the government is required to forward process in dispossessing a person’s life, liberty, or property. Substantive due process is the process that of the person’s fundamental right. Vague prohibition is when the court determined of the laws is vague or not. Incorporation of the Bill of Rights is the role the doctrine plays in a person’s rights. Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564 (1972) is an example of the Due Process Clause. David Roth was employed at Wisconsin State University. After Roth contract end, the school informed Roth that his contract was not up for renewal. The school did not provide Roth with a reason; consequently, Roth filed a claim. The ruling stated that although Roth is owed an explanation for not rehiring him, Roth’s right was not violated. Roth does not have any property rights. Another important case that is an example of Due Process Clause is Roe v. Wade (1973). Jane Roe was seeking an abortion in the state of Texas. Since abortion was a felony Lee 7 unless ‘on medical advice for the purpose of saving the life of the mother’. Roe filed a claim against Wade, statingShow MoreRelatedThe Fifth Amendment and Self-Incrimination842 Words   |  4 PagesThe fifth amendment states that, â€Å"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, libertyRead MoreFour Basic Components of the Fifth Amendment1382 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fifth Amendment Clearly define the four basic components of the Fifth Amendment The four basic components of the Fifth Amendment include: double jeopardy, due process, the right to be heard by a jury and safeguards against self-incrimination. Double jeopardy is when the individual can only be tried for a crime once. In the event that they are acquitted and new information surfaces, they cannot be retried again for the same crime. Instead, new charges would have to be filed showing the individualRead MoreConstitutional Protections in Criminal Investigations1401 Words   |  6 Pagesfamiliar with the Fifth Amendment due to the popular phrase â€Å"I plead the fifth,† which is used as a defense in trials. But what should be familiar are the protections that we might take for granted such as the protection from double jeopardy. This means that a person cannot be tried more than once for the same offense (Salky, 2010). When reading the Fifth Amendment it could be agreed upon that this is where the right to remain silent and the Miranda Rights emerged from. T he Fifth Amendment reads: â€Å"NoRead MoreShould The Fifth Amendment Cover Fair Pay?950 Words   |  4 Pagesrestrictions also constituted a taking of their land requiring adequate compensation. At first, the courts were reluctant to hear these claims. Over time, however, courts began to recognize them, adding a new dimension to the law of eminent domain. Fifth Amendment cover Fair pay is ordinarily decided utilizing the market estimation of the land, that is, the price for which the landowner could reasonably expect to sell the land to some another buyer. Land price depend on many things like the location ofRead MoreEssay On The Fifth Amendment1307 Words   |  6 PagesExplain the details of what the Fifth Amendment provides citizens and its use of it in the 2012 Meningitis Outbreak? Fifth Amendment The Fifth Amendment in US constitution was proposed by Congressman James Madison on June 8, 1789 and was passed on September 25, 1789. It was later ratified by Congress on December 15, 1791 as â€Å"Bill of Rights†. It provides a number of rights which are relevant to both Civil and Criminal legal proceedings. In Criminal cases, it provides a right to Grand Jury. It forbidsRead MoreWhat is the Bill of Rights?1440 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican citizens. All ten Amendments in the Bill of rights are significant for protecting the right of the citizens but Amendment One the freedom of speech, religion, press, and petition, the Fourth Amendment gives the protection of unreasonable search and seizure without a search warrant, and Fifth protects the accused by protecting them from self incrimination, double jeopardy, and from depriving their life, liberty, or property without due process of law. The First Amendment gives citizens many freedomsRead MoreThe Right Against Self Incrimination1184 Words   |  5 Pagesvalid point, the accusation falls apart the deeper you look. This is why I d like to show why pleading the 5th is not an incriminating phrase by giving the history of the 5th amendment, how the Miranda rights came into play, and a case where this theory of automatic guilt was disproven. The right against self-incrimination stems as far back as 17th century England when Puritans refused to cooperate with interrogators while being tortured to expel their religious beliefs. While the Puritans may haveRead MoreThe Fifth Amendment and The Bill of Rights654 Words   |  3 Pagestime of the murder, he or she has the right to remain silent in order to protect him or herself from self-incrimination, a clause in the Fifth Amendment. The Fifth Amendment upholds the rights of United States citizens against government prosecution. Introduced to the Bill of Rights in 1789, the Fifth Amendment is a noteworthy amendment both during the past and in today’s world. The Fifth Amendment, along with the rest of the Bill of Rights, was proposed by James Madison, providing a way for theRead MoreThe Bill of Rights: The Most Important Documents in American History1579 Words   |  6 PagesRights into the Constitution, Congress did not approve the inclusion of twelve Amendments, or Twelve Articles, until September 25, 1789 (History of the Bill of Rights, 2012). While the first two amendments were rejected, the first ten Amendments of the Constitution make of the United States Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights was formally ratified on December 15, 1791 (Independence Hall Association, 2012). The First Amendment protects an individuals freedom of speech and assembly and states, CongressRead MoreFifth Amendment Privilege : Taking The Fifth1657 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fifth Amendment Privilege: taking the Fifth The Fifth Amendment is located within the constitution of the United States of America. It consists of five well know clauses. Amendment V states: â€Å"No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same

Technology and Social Changes - 1225 Words

Technology and Social Change Veronica Garcia February 22,2016 SOC/100 Lynn Ma Technology and Social Change Technology is the scientific knowledge of making tools in order t solve problems that are very specific. Automobiles, airplanes, cell phones, computers and the radio are examples of technological advances. These advancements have helped revolutionize the way people interact, meet, and conduct business. The increase of technology provides an influx of storage and retrieval, and in return it opens up the channels for knowledge and information. This then leads to better technological advances. All these changes then create concern as to how society will learn to deal with the advancements in technology. Computer†¦show more content†¦This method’s focus is on the evolution of policy change including the evolution of conflict. A digital divide is an inequality (social and economic) whose focus is the use of, impact of and access to communication and information technologies. There is a divide between individuals, households, businesses, countries and even geograph ic areas. Cultural lag refers to that culture that takes time to catch up with the technological innovations. In turn, this lag causes conflict between countries. Social epidemiology is a theory which involves both society and biology. Biologically speaking, we need to see how we literally incorporate the world around us, this includes the species and how they have transformed the face of the earth. The theory helps by putting structure into ideas in order to prove a certain idea. One example is the idea that good and bad health mirror population distribution of privilege and deprivation. Social epidemiology focuses on finding the key between the advancement of technology and obesity in children. Obesity is on the rise in American households because more and more children have more access to the internet, cell phones and computers instead of spending time outside running and exercising. It is important to study society as a whole and rule out bad genes, bad behaviours or bad living and bad work conditions. A recent form of technology that is a bit controversial is sex preselection techniques. TheShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Social Change : Technology935 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Technology and Social Change As human beings we strive to push forward to continuously make changes to our way of living. The way society and the advancement of technology it is almost impossible not to want to even keep up at the rate things progress. To further discuss this topic technology is the invention of tools and techniques. Technological change is the invention of a technology, the continuous process of improving technology throughout society. Society is the grouping ofRead MoreTechnology and Social Change1197 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology and Social Change SOC 100 One of our best well-known scientists, Albert Einstein, quoted â€Å"It has become appallingly obvious that our technology have exceeded our humanity† that was credited in a 1995 movie called â€Å"Powder†. It is no secret that the advancement of technology is drastically increasing in a rate where it is almost impossible to keep up with. Many individuals believe that it is slowly taking our attention away to what is really valuable in our lives, while others stronglyRead MoreTechnology and Social Change924 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology and Social Change Page 1 Leslie Chappell SOC/100 University of Phoenix 03/28/2016 Technology and Social Change Page 2 Americans are faced with increasing change of technology in everyday life. Most of the time, the change happens, and we dont realize how it affects our lives. I remember talking to my grandparents about their younger years; it made me realize how technology changes from generation to generation. Technology is scientific knowledgeRead MoreTechnology and Social Change in Healthcare1606 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology and Social Change in Healthcare Today there are many technologies that have provided change in our social environments. For example, we have access to laptop/computers, the Internet, cell phones, and android pads. This is beneficial because we can use the Internet to obtain information almost instantly to assist in research and education as well as staying in communication with friends and family. I believe that every household should have access to these technologies but due to socioeconomicRead MoreTechnology Is A Force For Social Change1257 Words   |  6 Pagesthe younger population. Technological determinism is that technology is a force for social change and Facebook does have some of the aspects of this. It is factor of â€Å"The Global Village† because we rely on it to connect with other people from all over the world. Facebook has fortified behaviors such as narcissism and shyness. In the younger generations Facebook has problems with dependency and addiction for it’s users. It has become a social norm in the younger generation to have a Facebook accountRead MoreSOC 100 Week 5 Assignment Technology and Social Change Essay examples1152 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Technology and Social Change Keith D. Howard SOC/100 June 1, 2015 Instructor: Christa Raines Technology and Social Change Introduction This report will examine how changes in technology are affected by society, in turn, how the society that produced this technology is impacted by this creation. 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He starts with the tool-usingRead MoreSocial Shaping of Technology and Technological Determinism1431 Words   |  6 Pagest Social Context of Society Social Context of Technology – Essay â€Å"Technology is an independent factor impacting on society from outside society† Discuss with reference to both the Technological Determinist and the Social Shaping of Technology perspectives. The power technology obtains is incredible. In recent years it’s advanced greatly and I believe its limits is only our imagination. It is evolving at a quicker rate than ever and its happeningRead MoreTechnology Is The World Keep Changing1104 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Technology is said to be usage of knowledge of various tools, techniques and other sequence of mathematical coded electronic instruction by man to fabricate a model to solving problems or to improve upon preexisting ones. Also, one may just say it is an application in which human apply to solving problems. As the world keep changing, so do technology. Today technology has inspired a lot of change into the way we do things or relate to certain problems. We will all agree that, we cannotRead More Role of Information Technology in the Formation of Social Networks1010 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Change in a Network Society The Role of Information Technology in the Formation of Social Networks Contemporary society has built itself around new networks, both social and physical, which allow for more and more information technology to facilitate interaction. How will society instigate social change in a world where networks shape how we interact and the technology driving these networks is shaped and controlled by a specific group in society. The fact is, communication is increasingly

Gender, A, And Social Orientation - 1516 Words

be seen as â€Å"natural,† a default identity; it goes unnoticed, hidden, and taken for granted as â€Å"normal† (Dottolo Stewart, 2013). Being White in America has no set definition other than an individual with a linage to the United kingdom, Europe, Germany, or Scandinavian. Being White in America is a skin pigment, rather than a community or collaboration of traditions as displayed in minorities. Because there is no regulated definition or standard as to what Whiteness is or should be, Through personal and informal questioning of my fellow students on campus, a notable and interesting trend emerged: only one of the Caucasian people that was questioned could answer what it meant to be White in America. She defined it less about race and more about what White people stereotypically do. These include things such as being in the upper middle class with a steady retirement fund in a two parent household. This idea of a typical White family or life does hold some merit. The 2010 United States census has found that the average White person will live in a community that is seventy-seven percent white. Among White Americans, ninety-one percent of the people that they communicate with through their social media networks are also White. Three-quarters of White Americans report only have contact on social media with people exclusively of their own race (2015, August 28). This practice of predominantly associating with people of one’s own skin tone is known as racial homogeneity. CaucasiansShow MoreRelated Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and The Social Pressures of Adolescents1983 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough we live in modern times, stigmas regarding gender identity cease to exist. These biases are prevalent within various cultures. Male and female adolescents are stifled from expressing themselves based on how they personally relate to their own femininity or masculinity and sex roles. The cause of this constriction of emotions is due in large part to these young people being coerced into obeying the rules of society. In addition, societal constructions seem to totally disregard theRead MoreSocial Class From The Perspectives Of People Of Color, Women, And Gender Orientation977 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Class in America America is divided into groups based on many different characteristics. Some of those characteristics may include race and ethnicity, cultures, religions, age, sexual orientations and genders. No matter which group someone defines with based on those characteristics, an individual will be labeled one step further to fit into a social class. In America, the most basic structure of social classes is broken down into upper, middle, and lower class. However, the perspectives ofRead MoreSocial Causes and Consequences of Inequalities Based on Race, Class, Gender, and Sexual Orientation2854 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Social Causes And Consequences Of Inequalities Based On Race, Class, Gender, And Sexual Orientation In spite of all the efforts made within United States to eradicate racial disparities, the media still broadcast discriminatory images and thoughts. Ethnic minorities are constantly being depicted as the culprits and the prime suspects in any crime. Muslim are always associated with fascism, Blacks are always associated with thugs, Mexicans are always depicted as illegal immigrants or drug cartelsRead MoreThe Topic Of Sexuality1144 Words   |  5 Pagestopic of sexuality (para)- Horrocks (1997) points out in his book that sexuality encircles multiple aspects of human existence. Sexuality is then, not a uniform or simple phenomenon and is influenced by the interaction of psychological, biological, social, cultural factors and many more. Horrocks (1997), suggests that to try and understand or explain a definitive conclusion about sexuality seems impossible as sexuality has different meanings to so many groups of people. Introduce the perspectivesRead MoreGay, Straight, And The Reason About Sexual Orientation1236 Words   |  5 Pageshuman sexual orientation. More same-sex couples have fostered children than ever before in our nation s history. Institutions such as military and professional sports have (slowly but surely) began to accept openly gay members. Most importantly, a recent amendment to the Marriage Act of 1961 now defines marriage as a union of two people; an amendment which removed the prohibition of same-sex marriages. These landmarks in the progression of social awareness surrounding sexual orientation are derivativeRead MoreSexual Orientation Within America s Most Controversial Topics1058 Words   |  5 Pages Sexual orientation can be considered as one of America’s most controversial topics. Although the rationale and choice differs from person to person, and is considered to be a private matter of personal preference, many people have experienced negative backlash and harsh criticism due to their individual likings. In general, sexual orientation is defined as: a person s sexual identity in relation to the gender to which they are attracted; the fact of being heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.Read MoreThe Issue Of Sexual Orientation1090 Words   |  5 Pagessexual orientation is vast, and a lot of different definitions of the concept have been introduced throughout time. Nevertheless, although homosexuality is fairly common in the United States, many people still misunderstand it. The different types of sexual orientations and their difference from other sexual-related terms, such as gender role and gender identity, are all confused by the general population. Sadly, even toda y, there are people that believe in a right or wrong sexual orientation. MoreoverRead MoreGay Marriage And Its Slow Progression Of Acceptance1441 Words   |  6 Pagesprominent theme in society as more time passes. According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation refers to the sex or sexual interest to whom one is sexually and romantically attracted to. Heterosexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality are the three mostly familiar categories of sexual orientation for a typical person, and these sexualities make up for 98.9% of the sexual orientation among American adults (Ward 1, et al). But what about the other 1.1% of sexualities? While these threeRead MoreGender And Sexual Orientation Of Diversity1582 Words   |  7 Pagestourism and hospitality industry. 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International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management

Question: Describe about the International Journal of Retail Distribution Management? Answer: Introduction: Zhang (2012) stated that supply chain activities in retail organization impact on the quality of products and services. Ralston et al. (2013) opines that business growth of an organization which work in retail market depends on the effectiveness of its supply chain model. The supply chain management can be considered as the combination of several sub processes including receiving products from suppliers, transporting to distribution center, storing and handling materials and delivering final product to customer (Schonsleben, 2012). Pienaar and Vogt (2012) stated that each activities in supply chain management impacts differently on each stakeholder of the organization. However, Myerson (2012) suggested that different organizations develop different supply chain models according to their requirement. Although the organizations in retail sector uses different models for executing their activities in logistics operation, all these activities aim to improve common performance objectives such as quality of product, service delivery time, speed of delivery , cost of product and flexibility of handling products (Rutner et al , 2012). The current assignment deals with analysis of the supply chain management system used by Tesco. Tesco is one of the largest retailers in UK (Tesco.com, 2015). However the organization operates in other European and Asian countries also. The retail network of Tesco can be considered as one of the largest retail networks. The organization modified their supply chain management activities several times for meeting the requirements of stakeholders. However in this a assignment continuous replenishment model of supply chain is discussed. Supply chain activities of Tesco: Tesco management implemented continuous replenishment model of supply chain in 1999. This continuous replenishment approach uses a flow system for collecting data regarding stock of products (Zhang, 2012). On other hand implementation of this new system enabled the management of Tesco to send daily orders to suppliers (Zhuang, 2014). Figure 1: Supply chain activities in Tesco Inbound Logistics: Receiving orders from suppliers and storing at depots: The task of receiving orders from suppliers can be considered as combination of three separate tasks- In store management, management of retail network and cross docking. Tasks Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost In store management Improves as products are not stored for long time Speed of delivery to customer increases as products are ordered before running out Dependability improves as products are always available Mix flexibility improves as stuck is always maintained Volume and delivery flexibility increases as availability of products increases Cost of operating reduces as all activities are pre planned Network management Improves as separate storage systems are used on basis of product category Speed of delivery to customer increases as new storage locations are added with existing network Availability of products improves due as storage capacity improves Product , volume and delivery flexibility improves as availability increases Cost of operation decreases as efficiency of storage system improves. Implementation of flow through activities Quality of products improves as time of storing reduces Speed of delivery increase as finished products are received Dependability improves due to increase in product availability Volume and delivery flexibility improves as products become available in less time Cost reduces as storage time reduces Receiving products from supplies and performance objectives Table 1 reflects how performance objectives are met by the activities in storage process of Tesco. In store management: Retail store managers of Tesco regularly analyses data on buying behavior of customers. Apart from this the managers also analyze the capacity of a store for developing stock of products. According to Klug (2014) analyzing the capacity of store is important to maintain quality of stored products. As Tesco operates in different country across world capacity of all stores is not same. On other hand, nature of customers also varies greatly at different countries. However managers of each store in the retail network of Tesco separately determines the buying nature of customers and storage capacity. On basis of their findings, they send orders to the suppliers daily. Network management: Management of Tesco continuously adds new locations for increasing efficiency of the storage activities. Addition of new sites in existing network enables the management to increase their storage capacity regularly. However the management also focuses in increasing the number of frozen centers for storing frozen parts of composite elements separately Regional centers of Tesco also contains cross docking facility for improving the storage system for refrigerated materials. Implementation of flow through activities: Tesco management uses flow through approach for reducing the complexity in storage system. Manager of the organization prefers to get finished products from suppliers. As the organizations receive finished products, these can be placed in stores immediately after receiving (Grant, 2012). Performance objectives: Analysis on the tasks conducted by Tesco for storing products indicates that this approach of Tesco management is effective for improving quality of products. As the management determines daily requirements of products, stock never runs out. Apart from this as managent send orders according to the capacity of a store products do not required being stored for a long time. On other hand analyzing requirements daily ensures that availability of product is always high (Fatieiev and Zaporozhets, 2014). It also ensures that the requirements of customers can be met even if the demand for a product rises certainly (Forslund, 2014). The activities for network management lead to increase in storage capacity. As these activities enable management to store different products in different locations on basis of product nature, quality improves. On other hand, increase in storage capacity makes the products more available. As a result, dependability, flexibility and speed of delivery also improve. Use of separate storage systems and increasing storage capacity may increase the cost of operation initially (Crocker et al., 2012). However it reduces later as the storage system becomes more effective. Primary distribution: Task Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost Sharing information with supplier Does not impact on quality directly Increases speed of delivery as availability of products increases Ensures uninterrupted flow of products as suppliers understand requirements of customers Mix, product and delivery flexibility increases as the flow of product becomes uninterrupted Cost reduces as suppliers can understand requirement for any product using shared system Collection of products from suppliers Use of advanced infrastructure makes product handling process easier Indirectly increase speed of delivery to customer Does not impact on dependability directly Does not impact on flexibility directly Cost of operation reduces due to efficient use of delivery vehicles Table 2: Primary distribution and performance objectives Table 2 describes the tasks related with primary distribution in Tesco and the performance objectives met by these tasks. Performance objectives: Tasks in the primary distribution phase deals with sharing information with suppliers and collecting products from the depots (Cowles, 2012). The tasks mainly focus on increasing availability of products and reducing cost of operation. Tesco management uses a shared system so that their suppliers also can get sufficient information regarding the nature of customers. It enables the management of Tesco to make the supply of products uninterrupted. Tesco management implemented innovation in the process of collecting products from suppliers also. The products from suppliers are collected by vehicles when they return after delivering any product to customer. Efficient use of transportation infrastructure makes the primary distribution process of Tesco cost effective. Analysis on the tasks related with inbound logistics indicates that the quality of products is focused more while conducting the tasks related with inbound logistics. However speed of delivery, dependability and flexibility of products also depends on the tasks conducted at this phase. Operations: management of retail stores: The tasks related with retail store operations in deals with store layout planning utilization of available spaces, taking orders from customers and managing employees (Bouzaabia et al., 2013). Initially the organization used fresh and easy operating model. However the model was modified gradually and currently Tesco management uses group operating model. The management uses automated system for taking orders from customers; Apart from this floor planning activities of Tesco enable the organization to optimize the utilization of available spaces in a store. Store planning of Tesco management also ensures that the flow of process becomes less complex. It is also ensured that the employees are being provided with comfortable workplace. Task Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost Floor Planning Reduces complexity of product handling and thus quality if product improves Complexity reduces inn process flow and thus the speed of delivery increases Effective display strategy increase visibility of products Product /service flexibility increases due to efficient floor designing Cost of operation reduces as flow if process becomes simpler Automated ordering Does not impact on quality directly Speed of delivery increases Availability of products increases Mix , Product/service, delivery flexibility improves Cost of operation reduces Labor scheduling Quality improves as handling products improves Speed is delivery increases as efficiency of staffs increase Does not impact on dependability directly Product/service flexibility improves with increasing efficiency of staffs Cost of operation reduces due to effective use of available staffs Table 3: Store management and performance objectives Performance objectives: Table 3 describes how the performance objectives are met in retail store management process of Tesco. Analysis on the store management related activities in Tesco indicates that the managers focus on increasing speed of delivery and flexibility while planning for these tasks. However successful execution of operational tasks also leads to improvement of quality and reduction in operational cost as the complexity in store management reduces. Outbound Logistics: Product Delivery to customer: Products in Tesco are delivered to customers in two ways. Customers can visit the stores and can by their products. Apart from thus Tesco management also provides the customers with opportunities for making online purchases. Tesco management uses delivery vans for sending the products to customers within time. Apart from this, Tesco charges a minimum amount for making home deliveries. Task Quality Speed Dependability Flexibility Cost Using Delivery vans Improves Increases Increases Increases Reduces Table 4: Outbound logistics and performance objectives Performance objectives: Table 4 describes how the performance objectives are met in retail store management process of Tesco. Analysis on the tasks related with outbound logistics related tasks in Tesco indicates that management of the organization focuses on increasing speed of delivery and reducing cost of while making strategies for these tasks. However use of advanced transportation infrastructure improves quality of products which are being delivered. As the management provides customers with opportunities for online shopping and home delivery of products, service flexibility increases significantly. Recommendations for Tesco: Although the continuous replenishment model of Tesco is effective for conducting the activities related with logistics management, the current model can be improved. In this assignment some recommendations are made for Tesco Plc for improving their logistic management system. Using alternative energy sources in store: The nature of customers is changing across the world .Apart from this the Governments of different countries are also developing stricter policies for reducing environmental pollution. A Tesco operates in international retail market; changes in Government policy in any country can affect its business growth. However Tesco management should focus on making environment friendly stores. Management of the organization should use alternative energy sources for avoiding the chances of interruption in business process due to strict environmental policies. However it will also enable the management to reduce cost of running stores. Outsourcing non-core activities: Currently the managers of Tesco are responsible for handling data regarding sticks and requirements of products. The organization should engage other companies with the database management process to improve efficiency. It will also lead to reduction in operational costs of stores. Conclusion: Analysis made in the current assignment indicates that the existing logistics management system of Tesco is capable for increasing business growth of the organization. However the system requires being improved as the nature of customers is changing worldwide. Some recommendations are made in this assignment so that Tesco Plc improving their logistic management system. Tesco management requires focusing on making environment friendly stores. The organization also can engage other companies with the database management process for improving efficiency. References Bouzaabia, R., Bouzaabia, O. and Capatina, A. (2013). Retail logistics service quality: a cross cultural survey on customer perceptions. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 41(8), pp.627-647. Cowles, J. (2012). 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The International Journal of Logistics Management, 24(2), pp.136-152. Rutner, S., Aviles, M. and Cox, S. (2012). Logistics evolution: a comparison of military and commercial logistics thought. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 23(1), pp.96-118. Sandberg, E. (2013). Understanding logistics based competition in retail a business model approach. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 41(3), pp.176-188. Schonsleben, P. (2012). Integral logistics management. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Tesco.com, (2015). Tesco.com - online shopping; bringing the supermarket to you - Every little helps. [online] Available at: https://www.tesco.com/ [Accessed 16 Mar. 2015]. Zhang, J. (2012). ICLEM 2012. Reston, Va.: American Society of Civil Engineers. Zhuang, Z. (2014). Inventory Information Management of Logistics Supply Chain. AMR, 989-994, pp.5453-5456.